In a previous post entitled "Banking 101", I explained that the U.S. banking industry engages in fractional banking. This means that only a small amount of the money "deposited" in a bank is required to be kept in the bank's vault. Most of the money is loaned to other customers.
When a customer obtains a loan - let's say for $1,000 - the bank records the amount of that loan as an asset because the bank will collect interest on the loan. The amount of the loan - $1,000 -is also recorded as a liability by the bank because the money is now in circulation. The banks books are in balance (pay-out of $1,000 equals the loan asset of $1,000).
If the borrower is unable to make payments on the loan it ceases to be a bank "asset" and the $1,000 loan asset disappears from the bank's books. The $1,000 liability remains, however, because the money is circulating through the economy.
Coalition Guest Commentary - Rep. Kevin Brady: Trade is Critical to U.S. Economy
October 2, 2009 - 12:19pm — Coalition CommentaryWhen President Obama touched down in Pittsburgh for the G-20 Summit last week, he had the chance to lead on trade policies that will level the playing field for American workers and small businesses.
Trade is critical to U.S. economic growth and vital to global economic development. Trade - especially exports - has been the one bright spot in our economy over recent years, accounting at one point for nearly 60 percent of our economic growth. Forty-two percent of American jobs depend on trade, and exports account for one in every eight dollars earned by Americans last year. Yet in the midst of this severe economic downturn, U.S. exports have declined by 20 percent - marking the worst decline in U.S. exports since World War II.